Based on the latest stress test results, Goldman Sachs is required to have the largest buffer against losses, followed by Morgan Stanley.
The Fed's decision means banks can no longer exclude Treasury bonds and deposits held at the central bank from their supplementary leverage ratio.
The new buffer will use the results from the Fed's stress tests to help determine banks' capital requirements.
The Board of Governors voted 4-1 in favor of the changes, with the dissenter saying they would weaken core safeguards.
While preventing another financial crisis is paramount, there were a number of unintended consequences of the law.
BoE wants banks to keep lending and discourage insurers from dumping corporate bonds.
The banks' projected capital cushions in the event of a severe recession all exceeded the Fed's minimum requirements.
Central bank sees the Dodd-Frank mandate as a way for banks to "bear the costs that a failure would impose on others."
